What is PRP?
This treatment involves the collection of your blood (approximately 12 ml) which is then spun down using a centrifuge to separate out the plasma and platelet portion using a "separator gel" as a special filter. The PRP portion of your blood is then injected back into the injury.
The product injected is 100% your own blood by-product (autologous). Sometimes it may be mixed with hyaluronic acid, particularly for osteoarthritis, as the two often work synergistically.
For a detailed review of the current evidence for PRP in osteoarthritis, see our Research & Publications page including the 2025 comprehensive review.
Before the injection
- If you have any type of blood disorder, please inform the doctor undertaking the procedure. In particular, tell us if you have anaemia, low platelet count, are taking any form of aspirin, or have had a recent illness.
- Do not take aspirin for at least 2 weeks before the procedure (preferably longer) and until 2 weeks after.
- Avoid other anti-inflammatories for one week before and one week after the injection.
- Please have a driver with you — resting the site is critical for the first hour post-injection.
You should not have PRP if you have any of the following:
- Systemic cancer
- Current chemotherapy
- Steroid therapy
- Blood disorders and platelet abnormalities
- Some anticoagulation therapies
If you are unsure about any of the above, please ask us.
During the procedure
The injection itself is similar to a corticosteroid injection. We do not give local anaesthetic into the affected part, as this would interfere with the PRP. We may give local anaesthetic nearby depending on the body part, as this often reduces discomfort of the procedure.
You will rest the part for 10 minutes immediately after, and we advise resting for the remainder of the day.
Dr Duncan uses a Regenlab system for extracting the PRP from your blood.
After the injection
- You may have a temporary increase in symptoms that can be managed with ice, rest, and paracetamol.
- Rest the tendon or joint for several days, followed by gradual return to activity.
- You should see a physiotherapist regarding an isometric strengthening program for the affected part, starting 10–14 days after the final injection in a series.
- A second injection is usually recommended at the 3–4 week interval. Occasionally a third is required.
Possible side effects
- Mild swelling of the treated area, lasting about 8–24 hours.
- You may notice a tingling sensation while the cells are being activated.
- In very rare cases infection may occur, which may require treatment with an antibiotic.